Hot Rolled vs Cold Rolled Steel vs Cold Drawn Steel

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The term &#;rolling&#; means the process by which steel is manufactured. Steel subjected to a high level of heat treatment is referred to as hot rolled steel, as the manufacturing occurs at extremely high temperatures. Manufacturers start with giant, rectangular metals, also called billets. Manufacturers heat the rectangular metals before transferring them to further processing, which involves flattening them into big rolls.

During the hot-rolling procedure, the molten steel is pressed at temperatures around 926&#; ( °F). Steel optimally recrystallizes from 750 to 1,300 °F, allowing for better reshaping and forming. The steel is left to cool once rolled in the mill in the required shape.

Characteristics of Hot Rolled Steel

The characteristics listed below can assist you in identifying hot-rolled steel:

&#; Cooling from extreme temperatures leaves residues on the surface of the stainless steel bar stock, giving it a scaly appearance.

&#; Cooling causes slight distortions, such as slightly trapezoidal geometries with imperfect angles.

&#; Shrinkages and a lack of precision while finishing round-ground metals give slightly rounded edges and corners.

Advantages of Hot Rolled Steel

Hot-rolled steel has the following benefits:

&#; Hot-rolled steel is less expensive to process than cold-rolled steel since the processing time is shorter.

&#; It cools at ambient temperature. It implies it has no or minor internal stresses due to quenching or work-hardening.

&#; The hot rolling process is carried out at higher temperatures, so the steel round rods can be easily shaped and formed. Hot-rolled steel makes the most basic shapes, such as UC, UB, SHS, RHS, flats, etc.

&#; It&#;s perfect for applications in which tolerance isn&#;t a big problem.

Disadvantages of Hot Rolled Steel

Hot-rolled steel has the following disadvantages:

&#; Dimensional flaws caused by heating-induced expansion and cooling-induced warpage/shrinkage.

&#; It has a rough surface that must be bugged or removed before the finishing procedure begins.

&#; There are some minor distortions.

Applications of Hot Rolled Steel

As hot rolled steel cools, it shrinks slightly. Due to it, manufacturers can&#;t control the final form or shape. As a result, hot-rolled steel is typically used in applications that do not demand strict tolerances, such as the following:

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&#; Automobile parts &#; for example, frames and wheel rims.

&#; Truck frames

&#; Railroad tracks

&#; Agricultural equipment.

&#; Construction

Cold Rolled Steel

Cold Drawn Round Bar

Because of its physical properties and aesthetic appeal, cold drawn steel can be found in many consumer products used daily. This carbon steel alloy is easily formed, machined, fabricated, and welded, and it is typically used for parts requiring cold forming, such as crimping, swaging, or bending. Cold drawn steel is ideal for long products, like shafting and structural parts, as well as consumer products that require an aesthetic finish.

The cold-drawing process increases both the yield and tensile strength and enhances the physical properties of the steel bar. Also, this process improves the dimensional tolerances, straightness, and surface appearance.

Round Bar Applications

Round steel bars are exactly as it sounds&#;a long, cylindrical metal bar. Cold drawn round steel bars are used for applications in which a superior surface finish and exact dimensions are essential. Round steel bars are one of the most commonly used manufacturing and construction materials because of its strength, finish, versatility, and affordability. Also, they can be cut and machined into tools easily.

Because of its enhanced mechanical properties, tight dimensional tolerances, improved strength and superior finish, cold drawn round bars are used across numerous industries, including:

• Automotive
• Power Generation
• Food Processing
• Aerospace
• Water Treatment
• Chemical Processing
• Marine
• Medical
• Oil and Gas

Common applications of cold drawn round bars include:

• Power tools
• Pins
• Anchor bolts
• Structural parts
• Ratchets
• Tool holders
• Screw machines
• CNC lathes
• CNC mills
• Rotary transfer machining
• Hydraulic fittings
• Gears
• Bushings
• Fasteners
• Cylinders
• Pipe fittings

Grades and Sizes of Round Bar

Eaton Steel Bar Company supplies cold drawn round steel bar stock in a variety of sizes ranging from .250&#; through 6&#;. Other sizes may be available, so contact Eaton Steel for more information. The most commonly stocked grades offered in cold drawn round bar include:

***Minimum Total Quantity Per Order is 10,000 lbs.***

Other grades are available by inquiry.

What are the benefits to cold drawn round steel bar?

The cold-drawn process involves hot rolled bars or hot rolled steel coils being brought down to room temperature. Once the steel reaches room temperature, it is then hammered and rolled to ensure it fits through a die. It is then pulled through the die to reshape it into a thinner shape without altering the volume. Cold drawn steel does not change shape during processing, so the finished product has a predictable thickness and shape. Often this process requires multiple passes through the die before it takes on the desired shape and dimension.

This process allows cold drawn steel to have an increased yield and tensile strength compared to other types of steel. The following are some characteristic and benefits of cold drawn steel:

• Improved dimensional tolerances and consistency, which helps reduce machining loss
• Improved surface finish, which improves quality and aesthetic appeal while reducing surface machining
• Improved straightness capability, which facilitates ease of automatic bar feeding
• Increased mechanical properties, which can reduce the need for hardening
• Improved machinability and productivity, which enables higher machining feeds and speeds with improved machined finishes
• Minimizes stock removal to improve equipment performance and tool life
• Increases cost effectiveness by optimizing machinability and reduces yield loss

Compared to hot rolled steel, cold drawn steel products can be manufactured to give more precise dimensions, tighter tolerances, and sharper corners. This is because hot rolled steel products changes in shape during the cooling process. Cold drawn steel also has an improved yield and tensile strength and a better surface finish over hot rolled steel products.

Cold drawn round steel bars may be harder to work with than their hot rolled equivalents; however, they make up for it with more accurate sizes, smooth surfaces, enhanced mechanical properties, and increased machinability.

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