How do piston pumps work? Everything you need to know!

Piston pumps are positive displacement pumps that use a reciprocating piston to move the fluid through the pump. Here is a step-by-step guide on how piston pumps work.

Step 1: Suction Stroke.

During the suction stroke, the piston moves away from the fluid chamber, creating low pressure in the chamber. This low pressure causes the fluid to flow into the chamber through the inlet valve(s). .

Step 2: Inlet Valves Closed.

After the suction stroke, the inlet valves close, preventing the fluid from flowing back into the inlet.

Step 3: Discharge Stroke.

During the discharge stroke, the piston moves towards the fluid chamber, increasing the pressure in the chamber. This pressure forces the fluid out of the chamber through the outlet valve(s).

Step 4: Outlet Valves Closed.

After the discharge stroke, the outlet valves close, preventing the fluid from flowing back into the outlet.

Step 5: Repeat.

The piston then repeats the suction and discharge strokes, continually moving the fluid through the pump.

Piston pumps can be single-acting or double-acting. Single-acting piston pumps have a single fluid chamber and piston, while double-acting piston pumps have two fluid chambers and pistons. Double-acting piston pumps can move twice the amount of fluid as single-acting piston pumps for the same size pump.

Piston pumps can be used in a variety of applications, including oil and gas production, chemical processing, and wastewater treatment. They are popular due to their ability to handle high viscosity fluids and their reliability.

However, piston pumps do have some drawbacks. They can be noisy and require more maintenance than other types of pumps. Additionally, piston pumps can suffer from vapor lock if the fluid being pumped has a low boiling point.

In conclusion, piston pumps work by using a reciprocating piston to move fluid through a pump. The suction and discharge strokes of the piston create low and high pressure in the fluid chamber, allowing the fluid to flow in and out of the pump. Piston pumps can be single-acting or double-acting and are used in a variety of applications. While they have some drawbacks, piston pumps are popular due to their ability to handle high viscosity fluids and their reliability.

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