Adv. Weed Sci. ; 40: e

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Glyphosate efficacy, absorption and translocation for Eragrostis plana control

DOI: 10./AdvWeedSci/;40:

Abstract

Background

Glyphosate is the most effective herbicide to control the invasive and perennial Eragrostis plana in Southern Brazil. However, one application has not been sufficient to prevent the regrowth of plants.Objective: The aim of this research was to evaluate the efficacy of glyphosate sprayed alone or mixed with fluazifop-p-butyl or flumioxazin on E. plana control and to investigate 14C-glyphosate absorption and translocation.

Methods

Plants with 2-3 tillers were treated with glyphosate (700 g a.e. ha-1), fluazifop-p-butyl (47 g a.i. ha-1), flumioxazin (100 g a.i. ha-1), glyphosate + fluazifop-p-butyl (700 g a.e. ha-1 + 47g a.i. ha-1), glyphosate + flumioxazin (700 g a.e. ha-1 +100 g a.i. ha-1). Weed control was evaluated visually for 28 d after treatment (DAT) when plants were harvested for shoot dry biomass determination. 14C-glyphosate absorption and translocation were measured at 24 and 72 h after treatment.

Results

Glyphosate at 700 g a.e. ha-1 controlled E. plana plants at 2-3 tillers. The mixture with fluazifop-p-butyl or flumizin did not significantly increase the level of control (87 and 86% at 7 DAT, respectively) but increased 14C-glyphosate translocation to the roots.

Conclusions

Glyphosate is effective on E. plana. However, applied with fluazifop-p-butyl could improve the control of this weed, especially when perennial plants of E. plana dominate the field, preventing their fast regrowth.

Glyphosate efficacy, absorption and translocation for Eragrostis plana control

Photo by Matteo Serena

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In summer , a field study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of herbicide combinations and sequential applications on bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon L.) control in Las Cruces, N.M.

The labeled rates of fluazifop-p-butyl, clethodim, and low (2% v/v) and high (4% v/v) rates of glyphosate were each applied singly, or followed by one or two sequential applications of glyphosate (2% or 4%). Digital image analysis for bermudagrass cover (%) and visual ratings for bermudagrass injury (%) were collected weekly until 78 days after initial treatment.

Although the single application of glyphosate (4%) caused greater injury than fluazifop-p-butyl and clethodim, all single applications of herbicides provided inferior bermudagrass control when compared with applications that included a sequential glyphosate treatment.

With clethodim, adding one sequential application of either the high or low rates of glyphosate significantly decreased bermudagrass cover, indicating that there was no need for a second sequential application of glyphosate to increase injury. There was no evidence that one sequential application of the high rate of glyphosate provided better control of bermudagrass than one sequential application of the low rate. Two sequential applications of the high rate of glyphosate did not cause greater injury than two sequential applications of the low rate.

Overall, bermudagrass injury was greater when clethodim was applied in conjunction with one sequential application of glyphosate; thus, there was no need for increased rates or numbers of sequential applications with this combination.

&#; Leslie Beck, Ph.D., and Matteo Serena, Ph.D., New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, N.M.

Editor&#;s note: An earlier version of this summary was published in the ASA-CSSA Meeting Abstracts, ASA and CSSA, Madison, Wis.

Teresa Carson is GCM&#;s science editor.

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