The lithium-ion batteries changing our lives

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Part 5: How do lithium-ion batteries contribute to the realization of a sustainable society? A look at the benefits of replacing lead-acid batteries, recycling methods, and the possibilities for the future

This five-part series highlights the vast potential and future promise of lithium-ion batteries. In this final part, we delve into why lithium-ion batteries are pivotal for a sustainable society by examining environmental load reduction, recycling, SDGs, among other perspectives, under the guidance of Professor Ryoji Kanno of Tokyo Institute of Technology.

Supervisor: Ryoji Kanno
Institute Professor (Professor Emeritus), Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology.

Professor Kanno completed his master’s degree in inorganic and physical chemistry at Osaka University in 1980 and earned a Doctor of Science degree in 1985. His career spans roles at Kobe University and the Tokyo Institute of Technology, where he has led innovative research, especially in all-solid-state battery technology.

1. Low-environmental-impact lithium-ion batteries

Lithium-ion batteries are pivotal for a sustainable society because their applications promote electrification, reducing reliance on fossil fuels like oil and gas, which are key contributors to global warming.

Unlike cadmium, lead, and mercury, lithium-ion batteries use materials with lower environmental impact such as lithium, carbon, manganese, nickel, and cobalt. Overuse of cadmium, lead, and mercury can harm wildlife, whereas materials used in lithium-ion batteries are considered more environmentally friendly.

2. Advantages of replacing lead-acid batteries with lithium-ion batteries

Among secondary batteries, lithium-ion batteries are often compared to lead-acid batteries. Both types are rechargeable and used across various applications. However, lithium-ion batteries are generally more environmentally friendly.

Lead-acid batteries are cost-effective and reliable due to well-established technology, making them prevalent in fields like automotive batteries. Yet, due to their environmental and performance advantages, lithium-ion batteries are anticipated to gradually replace lead-acid batteries.

Environmental advantage

Lithium-ion batteries use materials with lower environmental impact compared to lead-acid batteries, thus presenting a significant environmental benefit.

Performance advantage

Lithium-ion batteries have higher energy density and longer lifespan due to lower self-discharge rates compared to lead-acid batteries. They range from 100–250 W∙h/kg, whereas lead-acid batteries range from 25–50 W∙h/kg.

3. Can lithium-ion batteries be recycled?

In Japan, batteries with remaining capacity are reused for different purposes, and completely depleted batteries are recycled to extract useful materials at specialized facilities.

Reusing for a different application

Large-capacity vehicle batteries, deemed unfit for vehicles due to reduced charge capacity, can still be reused in other applications, extending their utility.

Recycling useful resources

Recycling of lithium-ion batteries is a developing field. Effective resource extraction is crucial to retain and utilize rare metals like lithium and cobalt. However, the cost of recycling remains a significant challenge.

4. Lithium-ion batteries contributing to the creation of a sustainable society

Fossil fuels face issues like depletion and high CO2 emissions. Electrification, powered by lithium-ion batteries, offers an alternative, reducing the need for fossil fuels and minimizing environmental impact.

For instance, electric vehicles using lithium-ion batteries have minimal environmental impact compared to traditional fossil fuel-powered vehicles. Smart city initiatives like Kashiwa-no-ha city in Japan exemplify the integration of lithium-ion batteries to create efficient, low-impact energy networks.

5. What kind of future will lithium-ion batteries create?

Despite stability in their use, research continues to enhance lithium-ion battery performance. Their widespread adoption holds potential for advancements in EVs, electric aircraft, and portable medical devices.

Past advancements in lithium-ion batteries have transformed numerous devices. Their continued improvement promises further societal benefits and a shift towards sustainable living.

Lithium-ion batteries are not only convenience tools but also agents of significant societal change. For lithium battery manufacturer, visit our link.

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